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PATTERN AND DISTRIBUTION OF MALOCCLUSION ACCORDING TO IOTN AMONG
PATIENTS REFERRED TO SPECIALIST ORTHODONTIC CLINICS IN KELANTAN
NMRR-16-1725-32087

KL Lau, RA Khan, BA Ahmad, WS Wan Salina, SC Ong, R Mat, MY Noorhanisah

Introduction: The demand for orthodontic treatment is increasing worldwide. Proper
referral is crucial to determine the demand and need for Orthodontic treatment. However,
data on evaluation of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Kelantan is currently
not available. Objectives: To assess the pattern and distribution of malocclusion among
patients referred to specialist orthodontic clinics in Kelantan. Material and methods: A
cross-sectional study was conducted from January to September 2016 using pre-coded
questionnaires of patients attending orthodontic clinics at four main districts (Kota Bharu,
Pasir Mas, Pasir Puteh and Kuala Krai) in 2014. Index of Orthodontics Treatment Need
(IOTN) was used to determine patients’ treatment need. Data was analysed using SPSS
Statistics 20.0. Results: Out of the total 888 new cases, the majority of orthodontics new
patients were referred from Kota Bharu (45%), followed by Pasir Puteh (30%), Pasir Mas
(17%) and Kuala Krai (8%). A high percentage of patients (79.4%) need orthodontic
treatment of which 21.1% cases need multidisciplinary approach. Most of the cases were
Class I malocclusion (42%), followed by Class II Division 1 malocclusion (29%), Class III
malocclusion (25%) and Class II Division 2 malocclusion (8%). Displacement of contact
points showed the highest percentage of malocclusion (48.2%) while the overbite was the
least of malocclusion referred (1.6%). Cleft lip and palate were found among 5.4% of
referred cases. Conclusion: There was a high need of orthodontic treatment among
patients referred to specialist orthodontic clinics in Kelantan.

Keywords: Index of Orthodontics Treatment Need (IOTN), malocclusion, patients referred

th
Poster presentation at the Kelantan Research Day 2016 on 19 October 2016 at Crown Garden Hotel, Kota Bharu, Kelantan
Dr Lau Kim Lian
Dr B.A. Ahmad
Orthodontics Unit
Kota Bharu Dental Clinic
Kelantan
Dr Rafeaah Ayat Khan
Orthodontics Unit
Meranti Dental Clinic
Kelantan

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