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At the Post-1, the total response rate decreased to 94.1% (269 pairs) and remained until
the Post-2. Within IG, the pre- and post-intervention results showed significant increases
(P<0.001) of oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and total KAP scores. There were
also significant decreases (P<0.001) of Dental Plaque Maturity Score (DPMS), cariogenic
food intake of the children and parents/guardians in IG. In spite of no significant
differences, there were an increase of HAZ from pre-intervention to Post -2 intervention
as well as reduction of obese and thin children with LD in the IG from Post-1 to Post -2
intervention. Compared to CG, the pre- and post-intervention results showed no changes
(P>0.001) of oral health knowledge, attitude, practices and total KAP scores. There were
significant increases (P<0.001) of DPMS cariogenic food intake of the children and
parents/guardians in CG, whereby no changes (P>0.001) in HAZ and BAZ noted in through-
out the study period. Conclusion: The ON-LD Module was proven effective in improving
the oral health KAP, reducing DPMS and cariogenic food frequency (CFF) scores of
parent/guardians and children with LD.

Thesis, Doctorate in Dental Public Health (2020), Universiti Sains Malaysia.

Dr Rosnani Ngah
Timur Laut Oral Health District Office
Pulau Pinang
Oral Health Program
Ministry of Health Malaysia
Dr Ruhaya Hasan
Prof Dr Normastura Abd Rahman
Department of Dental Public Health
School of Dental Sciences
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Kelantan Malaysia

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